In 1858, Abraham Lincoln was known as a successful Illinois lawyer who had achieved some prominence in state politics as a leader in the new Republican Party. Two years later, he was elected president and was on his way to becoming the greatest chief executive in American history.What carried this one-term congressman from obscurity to fame was the campaign he mounted for the United States Senate against the country's most formidable politician, Stephen A. Douglas, in the summer and fall of 1858. Lincoln challenged Douglas directly in one of his greatest speeches -- "A house divided against itself cannot stand" -- and confronted Douglas on the questions of slavery and the inviolability of the Union in seven fierce debates. As this brilliant narrative by the prize-winning Lincoln scholar Allen Guelzo dramatizes, Lincoln would emerge a predominant national figure, the leader of his party, the man who would bear the burden of the national confrontation.Of course, the great issue between Lincoln and Douglas was slavery. Douglas was the champion of "popular sovereignty," of letting states and territories decide for themselves whether to legalize slavery. Lincoln drew a moral line, arguing that slavery was a violation both of natural law and of the principles expressed in the Declaration of Independence. No majority could ever make slavery right, he argued.Lincoln lost that Senate race to Douglas, though he came close to toppling the "Little Giant," whom almost everyone thought was unbeatable. Guelzo's Lincoln and Douglas brings alive their debates and this whole year of campaigns and underscores their centrality in the greatest conflict in American history.The encounters between Lincoln and Douglas engage a key question in American political life: What is democracy's purpose? Is it to satisfy the desires of the majority? Or is it to achieve a just and moral public order? These were the real questions in 1858 that led to the Civil War. They remain questions for Americans today.
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Guelzo (Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation: The End of Slavery in America) gives us an astute, gracefully written account of the celebrated Lincoln-Douglas debates of 1858. These seven debates between two powerful attorneys and statesmen, Abraham Lincoln and Sen. Stephen A. Douglas, starkly defined the stakes between sharply different positions on slavery and union on the eve of civil war and offered examples of serious, deeply reasoned exchanges of views rarely seen in American politics. As Guelzo wisely shows, the debates did not stand alone but were part of a larger Illinois senatorial campaign. Douglas won re-election that year, but Lincoln gained national recognition despite losing and then defeated Douglas three years later for the presidency. Perhaps more important, the views that Lincoln enunciated in 1858-that the government, heeding the majority's will, should halt slavery's further spread-laid the foundation for emancipation and a new era in the nation's history. Guelzo's smoothly narrated history of this segment of Lincoln's career, packed full of illustrative quotes from primary sources, will become a standard. (Feb.) Copyright 2007 Reed Business Information.
From: Reed Elsevier Inc.
Copyright Reed Business Information
They were running for the U.S. Senate, with the "little giant" Douglas the incumbent. Lincoln started following him around the state, speaking after him on the campaign trail, so Douglas agreed that they should "canvass the state together." This most accessible of Guelzo's Lincoln books (e.g., Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation) is a rowsing narrative, academically researched, embracingly informative, and deeply thoughful. The legislature picked Douglas. This book is the real winner. Copyright 2007 Reed Business Information.
From: Reed Elsevier Inc.
Copyright Reed Business Information
Guelzo (director, Civil War Institute, Gettysburg College) has produced an erudite and eminently readable narrative of the 1858 Lincoln-Douglas debates. These debates were followed nationwide; state legislatures elected US senators in 1858, so the direct appeal to Illinois voters that Lincoln and Douglas undertook with their seven joint appearances was unprecedented for such a contest. Besides their novelty, the debates attracted such attention because they involved national issues of tremendous import: slavery and its future in the republic. Guelzo's chief accomplishment is to thoroughly analyze the issues of slavery and sectionalism while remaining cognizant of the debates' localized elements. The result is a study that captures Lincoln's and Douglas's encounters in both their immediacy and historical context. The author vividly describes each protagonist; he prefers Lincoln to the race-baiting (and increasingly, as the campaign wore on, inebriated) Douglas, but does not ignore Lincoln's trimming on the issue of racial equality. Guelzo argues that Lincoln distinguished between natural rights (enjoyed by all humans) and civil rights (those of formal citizenship), which is a useful distinction in examining Lincoln's views on race. This is now the best available treatment of this pivotal episode in antebellum political history. Summing Up: Essential. All collections. K. M. Gannon Grand View College
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Introduction: From Lincoln and Douglas to Nixon and Kennedy |
p. xi |
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1 The Least Man I Ever Saw |
p. 1 |
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2 Take Care of Your Old Whigs |
p. 41 |
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3 A David Greater Than Goliath |
p. 89 |
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4 For God's Sake, Linder, Come Up |
p. 131 |
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5 In the Face of the Nation |
p. 183 |
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6 The Same Tyrannical Principle |
p. 235 |
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Epilogue: One Supreme Issue |
p. 281 |
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Notes |
p. 315 |
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Acknowledgments |
p. 365 |
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Index |
p. 369 |
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Illustration Credits |
p. 383 |
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